Differences between printed circuit boards and integrated circuits
Current circuit boards are mainly composed of the following components:
Circuits and Patterns: Circuits are used as a means of conducting between the original parts, and large copper surfaces are designed as grounding and power layers. Circuits and drawings are made at the same time.
Dielectric layer: used to maintain the insulation between the lines and layers, commonly known as the base material.
Through hole / via: The through hole can make two or more layers of wires open to each other. The larger through hole can be used as part plug-in. In addition, the non-through hole (nPTH) is usually used as surface mounting positioning and fixing screw when assembling.
Solder resistant/Solder Mask: Not all copper surfaces need tin parts, so a layer of tin-free material (usually epoxy resin) will be printed in the non-tin-eating area to prevent short circuit between non-tin-eating lines. According to different processes, it can be divided into green oil, red oil and blue oil.
Legend/Marking/Silk screen: This is an unnecessary component. Its main function is to mark the name and position frame of each part on the circuit board for easy maintenance and identification after assembly.
Surface Finish: Because copper surface is easily oxidized in general environment, it can not be tin-coated (poor solderability), so it will be protected on the copper surface to eat tin. The protective methods include HASL, ENIG, Immersion Silver, Immersion TIn and OSP. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages. It is called surface treatment.
Characteristics of PCB Board
It can be densified. For decades, PCB high density has been developing with the improvement of IC integration and installation technology.
High reliability. Through a series of checks, tests and aging tests, PCB can be guaranteed to work reliably for a long time (usually 20 years).
Designability. In order to meet the requirements of PCB performance (electrical, physical, chemical, mechanical, etc.), PCB design can be achieved through standardization and standardization of design, which has short time and high efficiency.
Productivity. With modern management, standardization, scale (quantity) and automation can be carried out to ensure product quality consistency.
Testability. A relatively complete test method, test standards, various test equipment and instruments are established to test and identify the qualifications and service life of PCB products.
Assemblability. PCB products not only facilitate standardized assembly of various components, but also can be automated, large-scale batch production. At the same time, PCB and various component assembly components can also be assembled to form larger components, systems, until the whole machine.
Maintainability. As PCB products and component assembly components are designed and manufactured on a standardized scale, these components are also standardized. Therefore, once the system fails, it can be replaced quickly, conveniently and flexibly, and the system can be quickly restored to work. Of course, there are more examples. Such as miniaturization, lightweight, high-speed signal transmission and so on.
Characteristics of Integrated Circuits
The integrated circuit has the advantages of small size, light weight, fewer lead wires and solder joints, long life, high reliability, good performance, low cost and easy mass production. It is not only widely used in industrial and civil electronic equipment such as recorders, television sets, computers and so on, but also widely used in military, communication, remote control and so on. Using integrated circuits to assemble electronic equipment can increase the assembly density by tens to thousands of times compared with transistors, and the stable working time of the equipment can also be greatly improved.
The Difference between PCB Board and Integrated Circuit
Integrated circuits generally refer to the integration of chips, such as the North Bridge chip on the motherboard and the CPU internal, are called integrated circuits, the original name is also called integrated blocks. Printed circuit refers to the circuit board we usually see, as well as the printed welding chip on the circuit board.
The integrated circuit (IC) is welded on the PCB board, and the PCB board is the carrier of the integrated circuit (IC). PCB board is the Printed Circuit Board (PCB).
Printed circuit boards appear in almost every kind of electronic equipment. If there are electronic parts in a certain device, printed circuit boards are mounted on PCBs of different sizes.
In addition to fixing all kinds of small parts, the main function of printed circuit board is to connect the upper parts with each other electrically.
Simply put, integrated circuit is a general circuit integrated into a chip, it is a whole, once it has internal damage, then the chip will be damaged, and PCB can weld its own components, broken components can be replaced.
